How Does Wire EDM Work?

Wire EDM Cutting ServicesAs with all EDM machining, measured voltages between two electrodes are required to produce a current of electricity. These electrodes create a spark, generating temperatures of over 14,000°F to vaporize and erode the material being machined.

With edm wire cutting machine for sale, voltage is sent through the wire and a current path is established between the work piece and the wire, which serve as the two electrodes. A precise servo motor ensures constant gap between the wire and the piece. If the wire were to touch the work piece, a short circuit would occur, stopping the process.

In some ways, it is helpful to compare the wire EDM cutting action to that of a band saw, except the teeth of the band saw are replaced with the spark, which jumps from the wire to the work piece nearly a million times per second to erode the material. Eroded materials shed from the work piece are no larger than specks of dust.

Like a band saw, the thin wire is spooled and constantly fed between two computer assisted guides. This constant spooling action provides a fresh cutting surface throughout the wire cutting process. Because the cutting action produces constant erosion of both electrodes, long lengths of wire must be used – around 11 miles long (19 km) – and spools can weigh about 18 pounds, depending on the wire’s gauge. Once the cutting dimensions are entered into the CNC machine, the process is ready to begin.